名: 里努斯·米歇尔斯
出生日: 1928年2月9日
卒日: 2005年6月17日
出生地: 阿姆斯特丹，荷兰
纪律和想象力成为米歇尔斯的动力
如果说70年代的荷兰队是一台“上了发条的橙色机器”，那么米歇尔斯就是这台机器的天才操纵者。他们在这位沉稳安静的改革家的带领下，演奏了现代足球最华丽的全攻全守足球。
米歇尔斯出生于1928年，他很少在国际赛场中露面，他真正让人们所熟知是1965-1***1年带领阿贾克斯在欧洲赛场比赛，以及后来带领荷兰队参加1***4年的德国世界杯。在完美的克鲁伊夫的带领下，虽然在决赛中落败，但是荷兰人让全世界领略了他们的华丽足球，荷兰人的足球将全攻全守与个人想象力完美的结合在一起。
从欧洲到世界
你知道么？
事实上是捷克教练法德尔霍克带领荷兰队杀进了德国世界杯，他们仅仅因为进球比近邻比利时多。后来米歇尔斯取代了他，捷克人则成为了他的助手。
在米歇尔斯代表荷兰队出场的5场比赛中，荷兰队全部告负，而且被对手打进21球，进4球。
在1***4年世界杯同德国队的决赛中，他们在东道主没有碰球的情况下就以1-0取得了领先。荷兰人在经过了连续15次传递后，由克鲁伊夫突入禁区并获得点球机会。内斯肯斯站到罚球点，一蹴而就，但最终他们以1-2失利。
米歇尔斯在1***4德国世界杯上每场都派出相同的首发阵容，除了在对瑞典的比赛中，他用凯策尔替换了伦森布林克。
尽管他曾经到过洛杉矶和德国执教，但是他在国外最成功的执教是在巴塞罗那俱乐部，他在这里建立了荷兰人的体系，并且一直延续到今天。米歇尔斯最辉煌的成就是带领阿贾克斯俱乐部和荷兰国家队。这两支队伍在他的带领下，以全攻全守打法在上个世纪的六七十年代盛极一时。
米歇尔斯在1965年1月22日被任命为阿贾克斯的主教练，在他接手时球队只是***的保级成功，而仅仅经过几个赛季的***，他就将这支球队带队到了欧洲赛场。1***1年带队获得欧洲冠军杯，米歇尔斯的执教达到了一个高峰，然而冠军杯的决赛也成为了他执教这支球队的最后一场比赛。
虽然他打造的这支队伍在随后的两年连续获得了欧洲冠军，但是这位为人们称为“狮身人面像”的严肃且聪明的教练毅然投入到了狂热的西班牙足球，加盟了巴塞罗那俱乐部。
米歇尔斯强调机智的移动以及球员的个人技术。在巴塞罗那取得了一定的成功后，他又重新回到了荷兰，这次是带领国家队参加1***4年德国世界杯，在这届杯赛上他向全世界展示了他的足球理念。
一场伟大的比赛
法新社 米歇尔斯取得的成就与一名天才球员密不可分 克鲁伊夫, 这位中场核心以高超的阅读比赛的能力，充分体现了米歇尔斯的战术和雄心。梦幻般的跑位，轮换防守以及整体压上，克鲁伊夫是球场上的组织者，他将米歇尔斯的足球理念带到了现实中。米歇尔斯和克鲁伊夫是在阿贾克斯和巴塞罗那就一起合作过，然而是在46岁的米歇尔斯第一次执掌橙衣军团时，两人真正的融合在一起，他们向世界展示的是一种新式足球。讽刺性的是，荷兰队在1***4年世界杯时并不被人看好，在米歇尔斯接手后，他只带队打了三场热身赛。
但是，这支基本上由阿贾克斯和费耶诺德球员组成的国家队很快融合到一起，在2-0击败乌拉圭，0-0同瑞典战平以及4-1大胜保加利亚队之后，轻而易举的挺进到第二阶段。在第二阶段小组赛中，莱普、内斯肯斯和伦森布林克与克鲁伊夫一起帮助荷兰4-0大胜阿根廷队，2-0战胜西德， 并且2-0击败了强大的巴西，证明了对手和他们之间的差距。.
尽管在决赛中1-2负于东道主，但是米歇尔斯所带领的这支荷兰队却成为了“无冕之王”。如果在慕尼黑他们获得了世界冠军，他们完全可以像1***0年的巴西队一样让人们为之倾倒。在米歇尔斯的带领下，这一代荷兰球员对足球有着透彻的理解，同样是米歇尔斯让这支队伍融为了一体。
他后来在传记中阐述了他最基本的任务：“安排首发阵容是一门艺术，你需要在创造性的球员和破坏性的球员之间进行权衡，然后防守、推进和进攻——同时不能忽视对手的能量，以及每场比赛不同的压力。”
激发荷兰新一代
法新社 品尝了世界杯决赛的酸甜苦辣后，尽管在带领阿贾克斯和国家队都取得了不俗的成绩，米歇尔斯还是重新选择了巴塞罗那。而在巴塞罗那他的成就远没有带领国家队辉煌。在他执掌国家队期间，他一共带队进行了54场比赛，取得了30胜14平的战绩。米歇尔斯最伟大的成绩来自1988年的欧锦赛，在带领新一代的球员在半决赛中2-1复仇德国队，并且在决赛中2-0战胜前苏联夺冠。在他的新球队中，每条线都有一名****，分别是锋线上的范巴斯滕，中场的古利特以及后防线上的里杰卡尔德。
Popperfoto 在米歇尔斯执教的大部分时间里，他贯彻了全攻全守的足球理念。他的队中总是不乏技术出众的球员，并且进攻富有创造性。他做出的最具有争议性的一个绝对是将里杰卡尔德和科曼放到中后卫的位置上，结果证明他是明智的。在他60岁的时候，欧锦赛冠军为这位老人赢得了赞美和掌声。四年之后，米歇尔斯再次带领荷兰队来到了欧锦赛，但是这次他们却在半决赛中通过点球给神奇的丹麦人淘汰。
战术
当然，米歇尔斯最为人熟知的是他倡导的全攻全守的足球理念，他打破了传统的技战术理念。他让球员在场上自己去调整位置，以便推进到对手空虚的地带。1***4的荷兰队表面上是一个4-3-3的阵形，伦森布林克和莱普分别充当左右两个边锋。苏尔比尔和科洛尔两名后卫攻防自由，这为荷兰队的进攻增加了选择，克鲁伊夫则作为前场自由人得到了更多的活动空间。米歇尔斯足球理念的核心在于机智的跑位，敏锐的洞察力以及健康的身体。
执教
生涯
国家队
1***4 荷兰
1984 - 1986 荷兰 (技术指导)
1986 - 1988 荷兰
1990 - 1992 荷兰
国家队荣誉
1***4 世界杯亚军
1988 欧锦赛冠军
俱乐部
1965 - 1***1 阿贾克斯
1***1 - 1***5 巴塞罗那
1***5 - 1***6 阿贾克斯(技术指导)
1***6 - 1***8 巴塞罗那
1***8 - 1980 洛杉矶阿斯台克人
1980 - 1983 科隆
1988 - 1989 勒沃库森
国际比赛成就
1966, 1967, 1968, 1***0 荷兰联赛冠军
1967, 1***0, 1***1 荷兰杯冠军
1969 欧洲冠军杯亚军
1***1 欧洲冠军杯冠军
1***4 西班牙联赛冠军
1***8 西班牙杯赛冠军
1983 德国杯冠军
球员生涯
国家队荣誉
代表国家队出场5次
俱乐部
1946 - 1958 阿贾克斯
俱乐部荣誉
1947, 1957 荷兰联赛冠军
代表阿贾联赛出场269次，进121 个球
The Hong Kong national football team represents Hong Kong in international football (***) events such as the World Cup, Asian Cup and East Asian Cup under the team name "Hong Kong, China" (simply Hong Kong before 19***) . The team is supervised by the Hong Kong Football Association Ltd.
The team had been representing Hong Kong in international football events before 19*** when Hong Kong was a colony of the United Kingdom. It continues to represent Hong Kong even after Hong Kong was handed over to the People's Republic of China by the United Kingdom and became a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China in 19***. This team is a separate team from the national team of the People's Republic of China, as the Basic Law and the principle of "One Country, Two Systems" allows Hong Kong to maintain its own representative teams in international sports competitions.
History
Hong Kong played its first ever international match in 1949, against South Korea. Its first victory came in 1953, a 4-0 win against South Korea.
Hong Kong qualified for three of the first four editions of the Asian Cup, including a third place finish in 1956 as hosts.
Hong Kong has never qualified for the World Cup. However, its most celebrated victory h***ened during 1986 World Cup qualifying. On May 19 1985, in Beijing, Hong Kong faced China in the final match of the first qualifying round, where the team needed a win to advance (while China needed only a draw). Hong Kong, led by *** Kwok Ka Ming, produced a 2-1 upset win, with goals from Cheung Chi Tak and Ku Kam Fai, thereby winning the group and advancing to the knockout stage, where it subsequently lost to Japan.
On February 9 2005, to celebrate the 90th anniversary of both the Hong Kong Football Association and the Brazilian Football Confederation, Hong Kong hosted 2002 World Cup champions Brazil in a friendly match, where Lee Sze Ming scored the only goal for Hong Kong, and Brazil won 7-1 in total.
Stadium
Hong Kong plays its home matches at the Hong Kong Stadium, where they are also hosting an annual international tournament known as the Carl***erg Cup as part of the festivities to usher in the Chinese New Year.
Hong Kong also uses the Siu Sai Wan Sports Ground in Chai Wan and the Mong Kok Stadium in Mong Kok.
World Cup record
1930 to 1***0 - Did not enter
1***4 to 2006 - Did not qualify
Asian Cup record
1956 - Third place
1960 - Did not qualify
1964 - Fourth place
1968 - Fifth place
1***2 to 2007 - Did not qualify
East Asian Championship record
2003 - Fourth place
2005 - Did not qualify (2nd place in qualifiers.)
2008 - Did not qualify (2nd place in qualifiers.)
这里说的足球应该是英式足球的意思 football吧
我给你英文的介绍还附上相对的中文的意思
Football (also known as association football or ***) is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players each. It is the most popular code of football and is widely considered to be the most popular sport in the world. A ball game, it is played on a rectangular grass field, or occasionally an artificial turf, with a goal at each end of the field. The object of the game is to score by maneuvering the ball into the opposing goal; only the goalkeepers may use their hands or arms to propel the ball in general play. The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins. If the score is tied at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extended time, depending on the format of the competition.
The modern game was codified in England following the formation of the Football Association, whose 1863 Laws of the Game created the foundations for the way the sport is played today. Football is governed internationally by Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA). The most prestigious international football competition is the World Cup, held every four years. This event, the most widely viewed and famous in the world, boasts twice the audience of the Summer Olympics
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历史
Games revolving around the kicking of a ball h***e been played in many countries throughout history. According to FIFA, the "very earliest form of the game for which there is scientific evidence was an exercise of precisely this skilful technique dating back to the 2nd and 3rd centuries B.C. in China."[3] In addition, the Roman games Harpastum may be a distant ancestor of football. Various forms of football were played in medieval Europe, though rules varied greatly by both period and location.
Whilst football has continued to be played in various forms throughout Britain, the English public schools (fee-paying schools) are widely credited with certain key achievements in the creation of modern football (association football and the rugby football games - rugby league and rugby union football). The evidence suggests that during the six***th century English public schools generally, and headmaster Richard Mulcaster in particular, were instrumental in taking football away from its violent "mob" form and turning it into an organised team sport that was beneficial to schoolboys. Therefore, the game became institutionalised, regulated, and part of a larger, more central tradition. Many early descriptions of football and references to it (e.g. poetry) were recorded by people who had studied at these schools, showing they were familiar with the game. Finally, in the 19th century, teachers and former students were the first to write down formal rules of early modern football to enable matches to be played between schools.
The rules of football as they are codified today are effectively based on the mid-19th-century efforts to standardise the widely varying forms of football played at the public schools of England. The first ever set of football rules were written at Eton College in 1815. The Cambridge Rules were a code of football rules, first drawn up at Cambridge University in 1848, which h***e influenced the development of Association football (also known simply as "football", or ***) and subsequent codes.
The Cambridge Rules were written at Trinity College, Cambridge in 1848, at a meeting attended by representatives from Eton, Harrow, Rugby, Winchester and Shrew***ury schools, but they were not universally adopted. During the 1850s, many clubs unconnected to schools or universities were formed throughout the English-speaking world to play various forms of football. Some came up with their own distinct codes of rules, most notably the Sheffield Football Club (formed by former pupils from Harrow) in 1857, which led to formation of a Sheffield FA in 1867. In 1862, John Charles Thring of Uppingham School also devised an influential set of rules.[4]
These ongoing efforts contributed to the formation of The Football Association (The FA) in 1863 which first met on the morning of 26 October 1863 at the Freemason's T***ern in Great Queen Street, London.[5] The only school to be represented on this occasion was Charterhouse. The Freemason's T***ern was the setting for five more meetings between October and December, which eventually produced the first comprehensive set of rules. At the final meeting, the first FA treasurer, the representative from Blackheath, withdrew his club from the FA over the removal of two draft rules at the previous meeting, the first which allowed for the running with the ball in hand and the second, obstructing such a run by hacking (kicking an opponent in the shins), tripping and holding. Other English rugby clubs followed this lead and did not join the FA but instead in 1871 formed the Rugby Football Union. The eleven remaining clubs, under the charge of Ebenezer Cobb Morley, went on to ratify the original thir*** laws of the game. The Sheffield FA played by its own rules until the 1870s.
The laws of the game are currently determined by the International Football Association Board (IFAB). The Board was formed in 1886[6] after a meeting in Manchester of The Football Association, the Scottish Football Association, the Football Association of Wales, and the Irish Football Association. The world's oldest football competition is the FA Cup, which was founded by C. W. Alcock and has been contested by English teams since 1872. The first official international football match took place in 1872 between Scotland and England in Glasgow, again at the instigation of C. W. Alcock. England is home to the world's first football league, which was founded in 1888 by Aston Villa director William McGregor.[7] The original format contained 12 clubs from the Midlands and the North of England. The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the international football body, was formed in Paris in 1904 and declared that they would adhere to Laws of the Game of the Football Association.[8] The growing popularity of the international game led to the admittance of FIFA representatives to the International Football Association Board in 1913. The board currently consists of four representatives from FIFA and one representative from each of the four British associations.
Map showing the popularity of football around the world. Countries where football is the most popular sport are coloured green, while countries where it is not are coloured red. The various shades of green and red indicate the number of players per 1,000 inhabitants.Today, football is played at a professional level all over the world, and millions of people regularly go to football stadia to follow their f***ourite team,[9] whilst billions more watch the game on television.[10] A very large number of people also play football at an *** level. According to a survey conducted by FIFA and published in the spring of 2001, over 240 million people regularly play football in more than 200 countries in every part of the world.[11] Its simple rules and minimal equipment requirements h***e no dou*** aided its spread and growth in popularity.
In many parts of the world football evokes great passions and plays an important role in the life of individual fans, local communities, and even nations; it is therefore often claimed to be the most popular sport in the world. ESPN has spread the claim that the C?te d'Ivoire national football team helped secure a truce to the nation's civil war in 2005. By contrast, however, football is widely considered to be the final proximate cause in the Football War in June 1969 between El Salvador and Honduras. The sport also exacerbated tensions at the beginning of the Yugosl*** wars of the 1990s, when a Red Star Belgrade-at-Dinamo Zagreb match devolved into rioting in March 1990
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规则
Laws of the Game
Football is popular among children as well as ***s.
[edit] Overview of the laws
Main article: Laws of the Game
There are seven*** laws in the official Laws of the Game. The same Laws are designed to ***ly to all levels of football, although certain modifications for groups such as juniors, seniors or women are permitted. The laws are often framed in broad terms, which allow flexibility in their ***lication depending on the nature of the game. In addition to the seven*** laws, numerous IFAB decisions and other directives contribute to the regulation of football. The laws can be found on the official FIFA website.[13]
[edit] Players, equipment and officials
See also: Goalkeeper (football), Substitute (football), and Kit (association football)
Each team consists of a maximum of eleven players (excluding substitutes), one of whom must be the goalkeeper. Competition rules may state a minimum number of players required to constitute a team; this is usually seven. Goalkeepers are the only players allowed to play the ball with their hands or arms, but they are only allowed to do so within the penalty area in front of their own goal. Though there are a variety of positions in which the outfield (non-goalkeeper) players are strategically placed by a ***, these positions are not defined or required by the Laws.
The basic equipment players are required to wear includes a shirt, shorts, socks, footwear and adequate shin guards. Players are forbidden to wear or use anything that is dangerous to themselves or another player (including jewellery or watches). The goalkeeper must wear clothing that is easily distinguishable from that worn by the other players and the match officials.
A number of players may be replaced by substitutes during the course of the game. The maximum number of substitutions permitted in most competitive international and domestic league games is three, though the number permitted may be varied in other leagues or in friendly matches. Common reasons for a substitution include injury, tiredness, ineffectiveness, a tactical switch, or as a defensive ploy to use up a little time at the end of a finely poised game. In standard *** matches, a player who has been substituted may not take further part in the match.
A game is officiated by a referee, who has "full authority to enforce the Laws of the Game in connection with the match to which he has been ***ointed" (Law 5), and whose decisions are final. The referee is assisted by two assistant referees. In many high-level games there is also a fourth official (and in the world cup a fifth official), who assist(s) the referee and may replace another official should the need arise.
Playing field 球场的和注释见
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中文附录：
足球是一项由两队参与的球类运动，每队最多共有10名球员及1名守门员出场比赛。目的是尽量将足球射入对方的球门，每射入一球才得到一分，当比赛完毕后得分最多的一队则代表胜出。足球比赛中除了守门员可以在禁区内利用手部接触足球外，球场上每名球员只可以利用手以外的身体其他部分控制足球（界外球例外）。
历史
有人认为足球是起源于中国，到后来才传到欧洲，也有人认为它是起源于中世纪时英国的一些农村。经专家、学者的考证和国际足联认可，足球最早起源地应是中国，古代中国的蹴鞠（蹋鞠）就是现今足球运动的雏形。这项活动据传可追溯至公元前2679年的“黄帝时代”，但在目前可见的文献里，最早确切可信的文字记载这项运动者，当属《战国策》和司马迁的《史记》，当时它以具有军事性和***性两种面貌的活动而被记录下来。蹴鞠的“蹴”是代表射的意思，而“鞠”是则代表球，其后经过改良令蹴鞠慢慢普及，到了隋唐时代蹴鞠和佛教一起传到了日本，今日韩语及日语中仍可见称足球为蹴球的用法，便是受到中国的影响。
现时足球运动是世界上最受欢迎的体育运动之一。现代足球运动于19世纪中期诞生于英国，最早的职业联赛也在同地开始。此后，足球运动在全球广泛传播，目前，欧洲与南美洲被公认为足球水平最高的两大洲。其中巴西国家足球队是世界男子足球水平最高的国家足球队之一，欧洲的足球联赛也被认为是世界最高水平的足球联赛。
在英语中，随着地域不同,“football”一词有不同意涵。在英国, “football”指的是国际足联认可之“足球”；而美式英语中所称的“football”则是指“美式足球”（American football），亦称“美式橄榄球”；在澳大利亚, "football" 则指澳式足球(Australian Rules Football)。
